Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Carnosol inhibits osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro by blocking the RANKL-induced NF-κB signaling pathway

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12741

Figure Lengend Snippet: Carnosol attenuates OVX-induced bone loss in vivo . (A) H&E staining of femoral sections from the sham, OVX and OVX + carnosol groups 6 weeks following OVX. Scale bar, 500 µm. (B) Micro-CT of femoral sections from the sham, OVX and OVX + carnosol groups 6 weeks following OVX. Scale bar, 1 mm. (C) Quantitative analysis of femoral sections. (D) Serum CTX-1, TRAcp5b and IL-6 levels in the sham, OVX and OVX + carnosol groups 6 weeks following OVX. (E) Serum OCN levels in the sham, OVX and OVX + carnosol groups. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. OVX, ovariectomy; CTX-1, C-terminal telopeptide; TRAcp5b, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b; OCN, osteocalcin; BMD, bone mineral density; BV/TV, bone volume/total volume; Tb.N, trabecular number; BS/TV, bone surface area/total volume.

Article Snippet: IL-6 ELISA Kit (cat. no. BMS603-2, Invitrogen, USA), C-terminal telopeptide (CTX-1) ELISA Kit (cat. no. MBS458686, Mybiosource, USA), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b (TRAcp5b) ELISA kit (cat. no. MBS163341, Mybiosource, USA) and osteocalcin (OCN) ELISA Kit (cat. no. MBS725134, Mybiosource, USA) were used for ELISA according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, Micro-CT

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Efficacy of vitamin D plus calcium with/without alendronate on bone metabolism in immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura patients with steroid treatment: Nine-month results of a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial

doi: 10.3892/etm.2019.7694

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of ALN on bone metabolism markers. (A-C) Bone formation markers (A) BAP, (B) P1NP and (C) osteocalcin, and (D and E) bone resorption markers (D) TRACP-5b and (E) CTX, were measured at baseline levels and after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of treatment with CalD or CalD + ALN. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. baseline levels. ALN, alendronate; CalD, caltrate D; BAP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; P1NP, type 1 procollagen N-terminal propeptide; TRACP-5b, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b; CTX, C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen.

Article Snippet: Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (cat. no. 48262; BAP; Access Ostase, Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA), type 1 procollagen N-terminal propeptide (cat. no. E-EL-H0185c; P1NP; Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (cat. no. CSB-E08490h; TRACP-5b; CUSABIO Technology LCC, Wuhan, Hubei, China) and C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen (cat. no. E-EL-H0960c; CTX; Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China) were measured with a commercial ELISA.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Inhibitors of Protein Geranylgeranyltransferase I and Rab Geranylgeranyltransferase Identified from a Library of Allenoate-derived Compounds

doi: 10.1074/jbc.m706229200

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 4. Improved cellular activity of modified GGTI compounds. A, molecular structures of P5-H6 and modified P5-H6 compounds. K562 cells were treated with the modified compounds for 72 h, and the cell number was then counted as described under “Experimental Procedures.” IC50 values for cell viability relative to Me2SO (DMSO) were measured. B, inhibitory effect of 12.5 M P5-H6 or P61-A6 on PANC-1 and Jurkat cell viability. Data represent the mean S.D. of two measurements from two independent experiments. *, p 0.05 compared with the value for Me2SO. C–E, P5-H6 or P61-A6 treatment inhibits Rap1 geranylgeranylation in NIH3T3 cells. Whole cell lysates from cells treated with Me2SO, P5-H6, P61-A6, GGTI (GGTI-298), FTase inhibitor (BMS-225975), or RabGGTI (P49-F6) for 48 h were prepared and processed for immunoblot analysis using antibody against the unprenylated form of Rap1 (C, upper panel), total Rap1 (C, middle panel), H-Ras (D, upper panel), Rab5b (E, upper panel), or actin (C–E, lower panels). The immunoblots shown are representative of two independent experiments for each treatment.

Article Snippet: Briefly, whole cell lysateswere subjected to 4Murea and 15%SDS-PAGE, followed by immunoblotting with antibody against Rab5b (catalog no. sc-598, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) or actin.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Modification, Western Blot